Abstract Background Although often viewed as elements "at the service of" bacteria, plasmids exhibit replication and maintenance mechanisms that make them purely "selfish DNA" candidates. Toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems are a spectacular example of such mechanisms: a gene coding for a cytotoxic stable protein is preceded by a gene coding for an unstable antitoxin. The toxin being more stable than the antitoxin, absence of the operon causes a reduction of the amount of the latter relative to the amount of the former. Thus, a cell exhibiting a TA system on a plasmid is 'condemned' either not to loose it or to die. Results Different TA systems have been described and classified in several families, according to similarity and functional parameter...
The toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems have been attracting attention due to their role in regulating stre...
Toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems are small genetic modules that encode a toxin (that targets an essentia...
Toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems are ubiquitous genetic elements in bacteria that consist of a growth-i...
Abstract Background The prokaryotic toxin-antitoxin systems (TAS, also referred to as TA loci) are w...
Bacterial Toxin-Antitoxin systems (TAS) are involved in key biological functions including plasmid m...
International audienceABSTRACT: Toxin/antitoxin (TA) systems, viewed as essential regulators of grow...
Bacterial Toxin-Antitoxin systems (TAS) are involved in key biological functions including plasmid m...
BACKGROUND: Post-segregational killing systems are present in a large variety of microorganisms. Whe...
Toxin-antitoxin (TA) gene pairs are ubiquitous in microbial chromosomal genomes and plasmids as well...
Toxin–antitoxin systems are widespread in bacterial genomes. They are usually composed of two elemen...
<p>Trees were constructed using the closest homologs to <i>S</i>. <i>agnetis</i> toxin proteins from...
Toxin-antitoxin (TA) modules, composed of a toxic protein and a counteracting antitoxin, play import...
<p>Toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems are gene modules that appear to be horizontally mobile across a wide...
Bacteria experience a wide range of natural challenges during their life cycles, to which they must ...
Bacteria are constantly faced by phage predation and various environmental stresses. In response, ba...
The toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems have been attracting attention due to their role in regulating stre...
Toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems are small genetic modules that encode a toxin (that targets an essentia...
Toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems are ubiquitous genetic elements in bacteria that consist of a growth-i...
Abstract Background The prokaryotic toxin-antitoxin systems (TAS, also referred to as TA loci) are w...
Bacterial Toxin-Antitoxin systems (TAS) are involved in key biological functions including plasmid m...
International audienceABSTRACT: Toxin/antitoxin (TA) systems, viewed as essential regulators of grow...
Bacterial Toxin-Antitoxin systems (TAS) are involved in key biological functions including plasmid m...
BACKGROUND: Post-segregational killing systems are present in a large variety of microorganisms. Whe...
Toxin-antitoxin (TA) gene pairs are ubiquitous in microbial chromosomal genomes and plasmids as well...
Toxin–antitoxin systems are widespread in bacterial genomes. They are usually composed of two elemen...
<p>Trees were constructed using the closest homologs to <i>S</i>. <i>agnetis</i> toxin proteins from...
Toxin-antitoxin (TA) modules, composed of a toxic protein and a counteracting antitoxin, play import...
<p>Toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems are gene modules that appear to be horizontally mobile across a wide...
Bacteria experience a wide range of natural challenges during their life cycles, to which they must ...
Bacteria are constantly faced by phage predation and various environmental stresses. In response, ba...
The toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems have been attracting attention due to their role in regulating stre...
Toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems are small genetic modules that encode a toxin (that targets an essentia...
Toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems are ubiquitous genetic elements in bacteria that consist of a growth-i...