Markov and Bernstein type inequalities for polynomials

In an answer to a question raised by chemist Mendeleev, A. Markov proved that if is a real polynomial of degree , then The above inequality which is known as Markov's Inequality is best possible and becomes equality for the Chebyshev polynomial . Few years later, Serge Bernstein needed the analogue of this result for the unit disk in the complex plane instead of the interval and the following is known as Bernstein's Inequality. If is a polynomial of degree then This inequality is also best possible and is attained for , being a complex number. The above two inequalities have been the starting point of a considerable literature in Mathematics and in this article we discuss some of the research centered around these inequalities.