THE STUDY OF TURMERIC, GARLIC AND ZINC EFFECT ON THE VISCERAL ORGANS WEIGHT PERCENTAGE, VILLOUS SURFACE AREA AND MUCOSAL SURFACE AREA OF BROILER

Growth of broiler chickens have a relatively fast in terms of prime characteristic aroma and taste of meat, resulting in increased consumption of chicken meat so that consumer demand is increasing. Problems in broiler chicken farm development effort is meeting the needs of high-quality feed that is still dependent on imported feed ingredients and feed additive use of antibiotics can lead to residues at the end of farm products. Relative to the above it is necessary to find an alternative that can overcome the problems, one of which is with the use of herbal ingredients in this case the use of turmeric and garlic. The use of herbs as an alternative feed additives is expected to leave no residue and is safe for the health of consumers, in addition to herbs are easily available and inexpensive.\ud Purwanti et al. (2009) reported that the use of a combination of garlic and minerals ZnO tends to give better performance, lower cholesterol levels carcass, and can improve the health status of broilers. Garlic research by Airola, managed to find and isolate a number of the active component of garlic, among others allisin; active substance which has the power to kill the bacteria and anti-inflammatory; alliin, an amino acid antibiotics, and lower blood cholesterol and broiler meat (Jaya, 1997). Mineral zinc in the form of inorganic zinc has a function to increase performance and imune response to the broiler (Ali et al., 2003). \ud Feed consumed affects the development and anatomy of the digestive tract and internal organs of poultry. Puastuti (2001) reported that the use of herbs in a feed into one of the alternatives in tackling the cholesterol that has been selected by many parties in a way to manipulate the rations through the gastrointestinal system, which is trying to keep the body's cholesterol is excreted in the feces of cattle by the mechanism of increased bile acid excretion. Therefore, the effect of turmeric powder, garlic and zinc minerals against the visceral organs weight percentage, villous surface area and mucosal surface area needs to be investigated.An experiment was conducted to study of turmeric (1.5%), garlic (2.5%) and ZnO (120 ppm) effect in the diets on visceral organs weight percentage, villous surface area and mucosal surface area of broiler. Turmeric and garlic were offered in powder form. The data were analyzed by a Completely Randomized Design with 5 treatments and 4 replications and 5 chicks in each replicate. Diets were formulated to contain 23.5 % crude protein (CP) and 3 215.04 kcal metabolizable energy (ME)/kg. The treatments were R0 (basal diet as a control), R1 (R0 + 1.5% turmeric powder + 2.5% garlic powder), R2 (R0 + 2.5% garlic powder + 120 ppm ZnO), R3 (R0 + 1.5% turmeric powder + 120 ppm ZnO) and R4 (R0 + 1.5% turmeric powder + 2.5% garlic powder + 120 ppm ZnO). Diets and water were offered ad libitum. Data were collected during 35 days to obtain the data visceral organs weight percentage, villous surface area and mucosal surface area. Three chicks of each replicate were slaughtered for visceral organs weight, villous and mucocal surface area parameters. The results showed that all treatments showed no significant differences (P > 0.05) of visceral organs weight percentage (liver, heart, gizzard, pancreas, spleen, gall bladder and kidney) except in the total intestine and cecum (P < 0.05), also not significant (P > 0.05) on the surface area of villi and mucosal surface area of broiler chickens. The conclusion that the broiler chickens (0-35 days) are still able to tolerate a combination of turmeric (1.5%), garlic (2.5%) with the mineral zinc (120 ppm) seen in the visceral organs weight percentage, villous suface area and mucosal surface area that is still in normal condition