The Physical Foundation of the Quark Model: the Quark Model as an approximation of the BCC Model

From the Dirac sea concept, the BCC model infers that the quarks u and d constitute a body center cubic quark lattice in the vacuum; when a quark $q^*$ is excited from the vacuum, the nearest primitive cell u' and d' is accompanying excited by the quark $q^*$. Using the energy band theory, the model deduces the quantum numbers (I, S, C, b, and Q) and the masses of all quarks using a united mass formula. Then, it shows that the system of} 3 excited quarks ($q^*u'd