Mid-infrared (MIR), that means the range 2-5 microns of the electromagnetic spectrum has both areas of transparency of the atmosphere and intense absorption lines of gaseous pollutants. The MIR is ideal for developing applications such as analysis of pollutant gases, medical applications or security defense. The purpose of the thesis is to develop a method of lateral confinement, and a mirror based on a sub-wavelength grating high index contrast to incorporate them into a vertical cavity surface emitting laser (VCSEL) antimonide based, for transmission in the MIR. The work is divided into three parts: The first part concerns the wet thermal oxidation of AlAs layers side and AlAsSb. The second part concerns the sub-wavelength grating mirror,...