Machine and transverse direction errors in webs: Diagnosis and remedies

The primary focus of web handling is often on tension control; however, equally important to almost any web handling or winding process is to maintain machine (MD) and transverse direction (TD) control of the web. This paper outlines a guide to loss of control or position of the web in both the machine and traverse direction on in handling over rollers or winding rolls. For each category of MD/TD errors in handling/winding, this paper covers: measurement, problems, root causes, and solutions tailored to each specific mechanism. This paper is not seeking to review the equations of traction or lateral control, which have been covered in many previous works, but to focus on the common problems of MD and TD control and target appropriate solutions