Chemical and Nutritional Changes in Sunflower Silage Associated with Molasses, Lactic Acid Bacteria and Enzyme Supplementation

This study was conducted to determine the effects of different silage additives on sunflower silage quality.The treatments were as follows: (1) control (C, no additive), (2) 5% molasses (M) (3) inoculation of lactic acid bacteria (LAB; 1.5 g/ton, a mixture of Lactobacillus plantarumand Enterococcus faecium applied at a rate of 6.00 log10 cfu LAB/g of fresh material),and 4: LAB+enzyme mixture 2 g/ton (LEN, Lactobacillus plantarum bacterium (6.00 log10 cfu/g) and cellulose (150000 CMCU/kg) and amylase (200000 SKB/kg) enzymes). Silage additives were mixed and stored in glass jars with 5 replicates for 90 d.There were no significant differences among the groups in terms of pH, ether extract (EE), acid detergent lignin (ADL) and hemicellulose (HEM). The water soluble carbohydrate (WSC) concentration was higher in the M group than those of other groups (P<0.01). Lactic and acetic acid concentration were low in the LEN group than others (P<0.05). In the LAB group, the dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), crude ash (CA) and fleig point (FP) were lower than those of other groups (P<0.01). In the M group, the neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) were lower and the total digestibility nutrient (TDN) and non-starch carbohydrate (NFC) were higher than those of other groups (P<0.01). The crude cellulose (CC) of M and LEN groups were lower than C and LAB groups. In conclusion, the inoculants (LAB and LEN) and molasses addition to sunflower crop before ensiling may positively affect different silage quality characteristics.