Glycerol carbonate synthesis from glycerol and dimethyl carbonate using guanidine ionic liquids

A large number of surplus glycerol from the biodiesel production can be used as renewable feedstock to produce glycerol carbonate. In this paper, a series of guanidine-based ionic liquids were synthesized to catalyze the transesterification of glycerol and dimethyl carbonate. The tunable basicity and the anion–cation cooperative effect were responsible for the obtained results. The TMGTFE showed the best activity (turnover frequency (TOF) of 1754.0 h ? 1 , glycerol (GL) conversion of 91.8%, glycerol carbonate (GC) selectivity of 95.5%) at 80 °C with 0.1 mol% catalyst for 30 min. The reaction mechanism of the transesterification was also proposed