Protective effects of sildenafil and resveratrol on ovarian ischemiareperfusion injury in rats

Aim: This study investigated the protective effects of sildenafil (SIL) and resveratrol (RSV) on ovarian ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. Materials and methods: Forty-Eight Wistar albino rats were divided equally into groups: control (sham), ischemia (2 h ischemia), I/R (2 h ischemia+2 h reperfusion), I/R+RSV (10 mg/kg intraperitoneally), I/R+SIL (1.4 mg/kg intraperitoneally), and I/R+RSV+SIL. RSV and SIL were administered 30 min before the end of the ischemia period, and reperfusion was carried out for 2 h. The ovaries were then removed and evaluated histopathologically for mean histopathological damage score (MHDS) and anti-inducible nitric oxide (NO) synthase (iNOS) antibody. Malondialdehyde (MDA) level, glutathione (GSH) activity, total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), and NO level were measured. Results: Histopathological findings such as enema, inflammation, haemorrhage, and congestion were detected in the ischemia and I/R groups. Compared with controls, these groups had significantly higher MHDSs. Compared with the ischemia and I/R groups, the treatment groups had significantly decreased MHDSs. iNOS immunostaining was most evident in the ischemia and I/R groups, and TOS and MDA and NO levels were significantly increased, whereas GSH activity and TAS were significantly decreased compared with those in controls. TOS and MDA and NO levels were significantly decreased, and GSH activity and TAS were significantly increased in the treatment groups. Conclusion: RSV and SIL decreased histopathological and biochemical damage and exerted protective effects on I/R-induced ovarian damage. SIL and RSV act simultaneously to reduce tissue injury. © 2017, Scientific Publishers of India, All rights reserved