Clinical periodontal status and inflammatory cytokines in primary Sjogren syndrome and rheumatoid arthritis

WOS: 000441889700007PubMed ID: 29752727Background: The aim of the present study is to compare the clinical periodontal findings as well as gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and plasma levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-lbeta (IL-1 beta), interferon gamma (IFN-gamma) and caspase-1 in primary Sjogren syndrome (pSS) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) subjects. Methods: In the present case control study plasma and GCF samples were collected, full-mouth recordings comprising plaque index (PI), bleeding on probing (BOP) and probing depth (PD) were performed in 44 subjects with pSS, 39 subjects with RA and 30 systemically healthy subjects. Plasma and GCF TNF-alpha, IL-1 beta, IFN-gamma and caspase-1 levels were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: There were no differences in GCF and plasma levels of IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha in all the study groups (p > 0.05). GCF levels of IL-1 beta were higher in pSS group than healthy group (p = 0.035). Caspase-1 GCF levels were significantly higher in pSS group than RA group (p = 0.032). Highest plasma IL-1 beta levels were detected in pSS compared to RA and healthy groups (p < 0.001). Healthy group has higher caspase-1 plasma levels than pSS and RA groups (p < 0.001). Conclusions: The results of the present study reveal that the periodontal status of patients with pSS does not differ from systemically healthy subjects. Further studies involving longitudinal assessments on larger populations with standardized patient inclusion criteria are needed to confirm the findings.Research Foundation of Ege University, Izmir, TurkeyEge UniversityThe authors greatly appreciate Timur Kose, PhD, Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, School of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey, for kindly performing the statistical analyses and Sercan Gucenmez, MD, Rheumatologist, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey for selecting the rheumatoid arthritis patients. There are no conflicts of interest to declare. This study was supported by a grant from the Research Foundation of Ege University, Izmir, Turkey