Artificial reefs in turkey

7th International Conference on Artificial Reefs and related Aquatic Habitats -- OCT 07-11, 1999 -- SAN REMO, ITALYWOS: 000179243500031Artificial reef deployment in Turkish waters and results from monitoring studies are described. The first known project with 10 old trolley-bus bodies was in 1989, and presently there are six ongoing projects in which reinforced concrete modules of five different designs are being used. The main aims are: (1) to protect fish-spawning and nursery areas from illegal trawling; (2) to create new sites for recreational fishing and diving; (3) to protect small-scale artisanal fisheries from damage caused by illegal trawling; and (4) to conduct scientific experiments. Most projects are supported by local municipalities and fishery cooperations. Following a meeting of the experts and foundations involved, a "Project Guide for Artificial Reef Applications" has been produced recently which formulates the requirements that must be met by all new artificial reef projects along Turkish coasts. (C) 2002 International Council for the Exploration of the Sea. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.ICES, Italian Soc Marine Biol, European Artificial Reef Res Network, Sanremo Congressi Turismo, Univ Geona, Phillips Petr, European Commiss, US Natl Marine Fisheries Ser