Expression profile of human gingival fibroblasts induced by interleukin-1 ß reveals central role of nuclear factor-kappa b in stabilizing human gingival fibroblasts during inflammation

PubMed ID: 19405838Background: Interleukin (IL)-1ß is a key cytokine in the patho-genesis of periodontitis, and it induces inflammatory mediators in periodontal diseases. We developed immortalized human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs), investigated the effects of IL-1ß on the gene expression using expression arrays containing ~40,000 genes, and tested the role of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-?B) in maintaining an activated HGF population. Methods: Total RNA was isolated from IL-1ß-induced and mock-induced control cells. Gene expression analyses were performed using expression arrays and confirmed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Western blot analysis to show inhibitor of kappa B-alpha (I?kb?) phosphorylation and immunostaining of cells for NF-?B nuclear translocation were performed. Apoptosis was confirmed by assay of poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) cleavage. Results: A total of 382 probe sets corresponding to 254 genes were differentially expressed in IL-1 ß-induced cells (P