Secondary metabolites from Astragalus karjaginii BORISS and the evaluation of their effects on cytokine release and hemolysis

WOS: 000413383500006PubMed ID: 28827003A new cycloartane sapogenol and a new cycloartane xyloside were isolated from Astragalus karjaginii BORISS along with thirteen known compounds. The structures of the new compounds were established as 3-oxo-6 alpha,16 beta,24(S),25-tetrahydroxycycloartane (1) and 6-O-beta-D-xylopyranosyl-3 beta,6 alpha,16 beta,24(S),25-pentahydroxycycloartane (2) by 1D- and 2D-NMR experiments as well as ESIMS and HRMS analyses. The presence of the keto function at position 3 was reported for the first time for cyclocanthogenol sapogenin of Astragalus genus. In vitro immtmomodulatory effects of the new compounds (1 and 2) along with the n-BuOH and MeOH extracts of A. karjaginii at two different doses (3 and 6 mu g) were tested on human whole blood for in vitro cytokine release (IL-2, IL-17A and IFN-gamma) and hemolytic activities. The results confirmed that compound 2, a monodesmosidic saponin, had the strongest effect on the induction of both IL-2 (6 mu g, 6345.41 +/- 0.12 pg/mL ( x 5), P < 0.001) and a slight effect upon IL-17A (3 mu g, 5217.85 +/- 0.72 pg/mL, P < 0.05) cytokines compared to the other test compounds and positive controls (AST VII: Astragaloside VII; and QS-21: Quillaja saponin 21). All tested extracts and molecules also induced release of IFN-gamma remarkably ranging between 5031.95 +/- 0.05 pg/mL, P < 0.001 for MeOH extract (6 pg) and 5877.08 +/- 0.06 pg/mL, P < 0.001 for compound 1 (6 pg) compared to QS-21 (6 mu g, 5924.87 +/- 0.1 pg/mL, P < 0.001). Administration of AST VII and other test compounds did not cause any hemolytic activity, whereas QS-21 resulted a noteworthy hemolysis.Ege University BAP Research Foundation [15-FBE-001]The authors gratefully acknowledge to the financial support of Ege University BAP Research Foundation (15-FBE-001) for the financial support and thank Prof. Dr. All Asghar Maassoumi for the identification of the plant material, and special thanks to NMR operator of Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University titled Anzarulhaque Anwarulhaque