Hydrogen sulfide compensates nitric oxide deficiency in murine corpus cavernosum

WOS: 000389086800003PubMed ID: 27521839Erectile dysfunction (ED) is considered as a marker for cardiovascular diseases. Nitric oxide (NO) deficiency is the major cause of erectile dysfunction (ED). The role of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) in erection has recently been recognized and is receiving attention as a pharmacological target. Several studies have focused on the effect of H2S on NO-dependent relaxation, but the role of NO on H2S in penile tissue has not been studied yet. Unlike NO, H2S is mainly synthesized from smooth muscle cells rather than endothelial cells. We hypothesized that H2S may compensate for the decreased NO bioavailability and may be beneficial in severe ED where endothelial dysfunction is present. Thus we studied the effect of NO deficiency on H2S formation and vasorelaxation induced by L-cysteine, which is the substrate of the H2S producing enzymes in mice corpus cavernosum (MCC). NO deficiency induced by Nw-Nitro-L-arginine (L-NNA) was confirmed by the inhibition of acetylcholine-induced relaxation. L-cysteine, the substrate for the endogenous H2S production, caused a concentration-dependent relaxation that was reduced by CBS/CSE inhibitor aminooxyacetic acid (AOAA) in MCC strips. L-NNA caused a significant increase in L-cysteine-induced relaxation, and this effect was reversed by AOAA. On the contrary, no change in relaxation to NaHS (exogenous H2S donor) in MCC was observed. L-NNA increased H2S formation stimulated by L-cysteine in wild type MCC but not in CSE(-/-)mice. In parallel, the expression of both cysthationine gamma lyase (CSE) and 3-mercaptopyruvate sulphurtransferase (3-MST) was increased, whereas cysthationine-beta synthase (CBS) was decreased in eNIOS(-/-)MCC. We conclude that H2S plays a compensatory role in the absence of NO by enhancing the relaxation induced by endogenous H2S through CSE and 3-MPST in MCC, without altering downstream mechanisms. We suggest that H2S-targeting drugs may provide the maintenance of compensatory treatment in ED patients. This may be more relevant in ED with severe endothelial dysfunction, as H2S is mainly derived from smooth muscle. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Turkish Scientific Research Council (TUBITAK)Turkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Arastirma Kurumu (TUBITAK) [114S448]The authors would like to thank the Turkish Scientific Research Council (TUBITAK) for the financial support provided by grant #114S448 (to G.Y.A.) and #109S453 for the relations established with COST action BM100 (ENOG: European Network on Gasotransmitters) as well as EBILTEM (to G.Y.A.) and Turkish Academia Young investigator award program; TUBA-Gebip (to G.Y.A.). We thank Prof. Rui Wang for kindly providing CSE-/- mice and David Kerry for the professional proofreading and editing of the English syntax and grammar of the manuscript