Bioactive compounds and antioxidant capacity in powder blends of fruits and vegetables obtained by atomization.

O suco em pó de frutas e hortaliças possui alto potencial biológico por se tratar de alimento natural, que atende às tendências atuais, pela facilidade de consumo e principalmente pelos seus efeitos antioxidantes. Por isso o objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar os compostos bioativos e a capacidade antioxidante em blends em pó de frutas e hortaliças em obtidos por atomização. As análises físico-químicas foram realizadas em duas formulaçãoes dos blends in natura (A e B): blend A (couve, brócolis, abacaxi, acerola verde e hortelã) e blend B (couve, maçã verde, limão e gengibre). O blend em pó foi obtido através da secagem por atomização, e as condições de operação do secador foram: temperatura do ar de 80ºC, vazão de suspensão de 5mL.min-1 e concentração de maltodextrina de 5%. Os pós obtidos (amostras AI e BI) foram analisados quanto as características físicas, físico-químicas, compostos bioativos e capacidade antioxidante (DPPH e ABTS). Para efeito de comparação utilizou-se um suco em pó comercial, amostra C. Os pós formulados foram ainda analisados a cada 30 dias durante um período de 180 dias quanto ao teor de água, coloração, resíduo mineral fixo, pH, acidez titulável, sólidos solúveis, açúcares totais, ácido ascórbico, clorofila total, carotenoides totais, flavonoides, antocianinas, compostos fenólicos e capacidade antioxidante. As análises microbiológicas de coliformes a 45 ºC, bolores e leveduras, Salmonella e contagem de Staphylococcus, foram realizadas no tempo inicial e final do armazenamento. Foram realizados testes de aceitação sensorial, atitude de consumo e ordenação de preferência. Os resultados dos compostos bioativos nos blends in natura aponta o blend A como superior em todos os componentes, especialmente nos teores de ácido ascórbico que para o blend A foi de 360 mg.100g-1 e para o B 60 mg.100g-1, e nos compostos fenólicos sendo de 184,52 mg GAE.100g-1 e 97,91 mg GAE.100g-1, para os blends A e B respectivamente. A capacidade antioxidante também foi superior para o blend A de 192,73g polpa.DPPH-1. Foram encontrados na amostra AI maiores teores de ácido ascórbico e compostos fenólicos, sendo respectivamente de 2670mg.100g-1 e 2063,94 mg GAE.100g-1, enquanto a amostra BI obteve para os parâmetros mencionados, respectivamente, 570 mg.100g-1 e 1082 mg GAE.100g-1. Quando comparados com a amostra C quanto aos compostos bioativos, os blends formulados foram nitidamente superiores, sendo o teor de ácido ascórbico do blend em pó AI 1900% maior e o de compostos fenólicos aproximadamente 1000% superior aos obtidos para a amostra C. O potencial antioxidante das amostras AI e BI é expressivamente maior do que da amostra C, sendo este 6500% menor do que o da amostra A. A maior parte dos constituintes analisados sofreu variação durante o período de 180 dias de armazenamento, porém as amostras AI e BI ainda mantiveram bons resultados dos compostos bioativos e bom potencial antioxidante ao final do armazenamento. Portanto, é indicado como a melhor amostra fonte de bioativos e antioxidantes a amostra AI, que apresenta em sua constituição couve, brócolis, abacaxi, acerola verde e hortelã.The juice powders of fruits and vegetables have high biological potential because they area natural food that meets the current trends, ease of use and mainly for theirs antioxidant effects. Therefore the aim of this research was to develop a powder of juices from fruits and blends of vegetables, obtained by spray drying, as well as evaluated in the prepared samples the presence of bioactive compounds and the antioxidant capacity during the storage time. The physico-chemical analyses were performed in two formulations of blends in natura (A and B): A blend (cabbage, broccoli, pineapple, mint green and acerola) and blend B (cabbage, green apple, lemon and ginger). The blend powder was obtained by drying the spray forming, the dryer operating conditions are: air temperature 80°C, 5mL.min-1 suspension flow rate and the concentration of maltodextrin 5%. In powder samples (AI and BI) were analyzed the parameters: physical, physico-chemical, bioactive compounds and antioxidant capacity (DPPH and ABTS). For comparison with the formulated powder samples in this study was purchased commercially from Great Meadow product labeled as powdered green juice, which was named sample C and were performed the same analysis. The formulated powders were analyzed in 30 days to 180 days of storage time, and in each samples were analyzed the water content, color, fixed mineral residue, pH, titratable acidity, soluble solids, total sugars, ascorbic acid, chlorophyll, carotenoids, flavonoids, anthocyanins, phenolic compounds and antioxidant capacity. Microbiological analyzes were performed for coliforms at 45°C, molds and yeasts, Salmonella and Staphylococcus counts were realized at baseline and end of storage time. The sensory analysis of the powders samples were performed using the sensory acceptance testing, consumer attitude and ordering preferably with one hundred of untrained panelists. According to the results of bioactive compounds in natural powder blend of Sample A was higher in all components, especially in ascorbic acid content for which the blend A was 360.00 mg.100g-1 and B 60 mg.100g-1, and phenolic compounds being 184.,52 mg GAE.100g-1 97.91 mg GAE.100g-1 and for blends A and B respectively. The antioxidant capacity was also higher for the blend A of 192.73 g polpa.DPPH-1. The powder samples had the same behavior, higher contents of ascorbic acid and phenolic compounds for the sample AI, and respectively 2670.00 mg.100g -1 and 2063.94 mg GAE.100g-1, while the sample BI obtained for the mentioned parameters respectively 570.00 mg.100g-1 and 1082.00 mg GAE.100g-1. When compared to the commercial sample C as the bioactive compounds formulated blends were sharply higher, with the ascorbic acid content of the Sample AI nineteen times higher and the phenolics about ten times higher than those obtained for sample C. The antioxidant potential of samples AI and BI were significantly higher than sample C, which is sixty five times lower than the sample A. The majority of the analyzed constituent underwent variation during the 180 days of storage time, but the samples still exhibit good results and good bioactive compounds of antioxidant potential at the end of storage time. The sensory analysis of blends formulated powder and in the commercial sample C resulted in a greater acceptance by the judges for the sample C, probably due adding of sucralose, flavoring and essences. Therefore, the results of analysis indicated that the best sample source of bioactive antioxidants was the Sample AI