UMUR DAN TINGKAT PENDIDIKAN IBU HAMIL TRIMESTER I DENGAN KEJADIAN ANEMIA

Anemia is a condition of decreased hemoglobin levels, hematocrit, and the number of red blood cells below normal values. Based on the data obtained at BPS Zulfiah Surabaya, it was found that there was a tendency to increase the incidence of anemia in first trimester pregnant women starting in 2013 at 34.85%, in 2014 at 36.63%, and in 2015 at 41.17%. The purpose of this study was to find out the relationship between age and education level of first trimester pregnant women with the incidence of anemia in BPS Zulfiah Surabaya in 2016. Method: The research method used was cross sectional analytic type with secondary data in 2016 at BPS Zulfiah Surabaya. The population of 226 people and a large sample of 69 people was selected by systematic random sampling. The results of the study were made frequency tables, cross tabulations, and analyzed by chi-square test. Results: The results showed that the first trimester of pregnant women in BPS Zulfiah Surabaya in 2016 had no anemia as many as 39 people (56.55%), aged 20-35 years as many as 23 people (69.70%) and higher education levels as many as 28 people (68.29%). From cross tabulation, pregnant women aged <20 years and <35 years had more anemia as many as 20 people (55.56%), and pregnant women with low education who had anemia were 17 people (60.71%). The chi-square test results found that the age variable> (18.76> 3.84) while the education level variable> (44.49> 3.84) which means H0 is rejected. Discussion: There is a relationship between age and education level of first trimester pregnant women with the incidence of anemia. Therefore, counseling is needed on regular pregnancy checks during pregnancy to early detection of complications in pregnancy as well as providing information about nutrition and how to consume the right iron tablets.Anemia adalah keadaan menurunnya kadar hemoglobin, hematokrit, dan jumlah sel darah merah di bawah nilai normal. Berdasarkan data yang diperoleh di BPS Zulfiah Surabaya ditemukan adanya kecenderungan peningkatan kejadian anemia pada ibu hamil trimester I mulai tahun 2013 sebesar  34,85%, tahun 2014 sebesar  36,63%, dan tahun 2015 sebesar 41,17%. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah diketahuinya hubungan antara umur dan tingkat pendidikan ibu hamil trimester I dengan kejadian anemia di BPS Zulfiah Surabaya tahun  2016. Metode: Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah analitik jenis cross sectional dengan data sekunder tahun  2016 di BPS Zulfiah Surabaya. Populasi 226 orang dan besar sampel 69 orang dipilih dengan cara systematic random sampling. Hasil penelitian dibuat tabel frekuensi, tabulasi silang, dan di analisis dengan uji chi-square. Hasil: Hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa ibu hamil trimester I di BPS Zulfiah Surabaya tahun 2016 mayoritas tidak mengalami anemia sebanyak 39 orang (56,55%), umur 20-35 tahun sebanyak 23 orang (69,70%) dan tingkat pendidikan tinggi sebanyak 28 orang (68,29%). Dari tabulasi silang ibu hamil yang berusia < 20 tahun dan < 35 tahun lebih banyak mengalami anemia sebanyak 20 orang (55,56 %), dan ibu hamil dengan pendidikan rendah yang mengalami anemia sebesar 17 orang (60,71%). Hasil uji chi-square didapatkan bahwa variabel umur  >  (18,76 > 3,84) sedangkan variabel tingkat pendidikan  >  (44,49 > 3,84) yang berarti H0 ditolak. Diskusi:  Ada hubungan antara umur dan tingkat pendidikan ibu hamil trimester I dengan kejadian anemia. Oleh karena itu, perlu dilakukan penyuluhan tentang pemeriksaan kehamilan yang teratur selama kehamilan guna deteksi dini komplikasi pada kehamilan serta pemberian informasi tentang nutrisi dan cara mengkonsumsi tablet besi yang tepat