Importance of adequate nutrition of a child with cystic fibrosis

Teoretična izhodišča: Neustrezna prehranjenost otrok je zelo pogost zaplet pri otrocih s cistično fibrozo. V prvih dneh po diagnosticiranju bolezni so starši in otroci poučeni o pravilni prehrani otroka. Če se pri otroku ne doseže optimalne telesne teže in rasti z ustrezno prehrano in se ne poseže po prehranskih podpornih dodatkih, so pogosta pljučna poslabšanja, dihalna nezadostnost, slabša kakovost življenja, več hospitalizacij, zdravljenj z antibiotiki in otroku se skrajša sama življenjska doba. Ključnega pomena je obravnava otroka v Centru za cistično fibrozo, kjer so otroci obravnavani celostno, individualno tudi s strani kliničnega nutricionista, ki starše in otroka pouči o ustreznem energijskem vnosu hranil, kalorično, vitaminsko in mineralno obogateni hrani. Raziskovalne metode: Podatke smo pridobili s sistematičnim pregledom literature po bibliografskih bazah. Omejili smo se na polno dostopna besedila, angleški jezik in časovno obdobje 10 let. Pregled literature je prikazan po PRISMA diagramu. Podatke smo opisno predstavili. Rezultati: Ugotovili smo, da je slaba prehranjenost in nedohranjenost tesno povezana s pljučno funkcijo. Izmed 1024 raziskav identificiranih zadetkov smo v končno analizo vključili 14 člankov. Diskusija in zaključek: Kljub vsem ukrepom, ki jih zdravstveni delavci in starši izvajajo, mnogokrat ne dosežejo optimalnega porasta telesne teže otroka. Nedohranjenost otrok predstavlja še vedno enega največjih problemov. S samim podaljšanjem življenjske dobe pa se pri otrocih pojavljajo številni dodatni zapleti.Theoretical background: Malnutrition is a very common complication of children with CF. In the first days of diagnosted disease, parents and children are educated about the diet. If the child doesn\u27t achieve optimal weight and growth with appropriate nutrition and doesn\u27t use dietary supplements, the consequences are frequent like pulmonary diseases, respiratory insufficiency, poor quality of life, more hospitalization, antibiotic treatment, and the child\u27s lifespan is shortened. It is important that children are inserted in the Center for Cystic Fibrosis, where they are treated comprehensively and individually by a nutritionist who teach family about the appropriate energy input of nutrients, caloric, vitamin and mineral enriched food. Methodology: The data were obtained through a systematic review of literature by bibliographic databases. We have limited to fully-accessible texts, English language in the last 10 years. The literature review is shown in the PRISMA diagram. We presented the data with descriptive method. Results: We found that poor nutrition and malnutrition is related to the lung function. Out of 1024 studies of identified results, 14 articles were included in the final analysis. Discussion and Conclusion: Despite many interventions many times, we often do not achieve optimal weight gain. Child malnutrition is still one of the biggest problems. By prolonging the lifetime in children with CF other complications can appear