Semantic Errors in SQL Queries: A Quite Complete List

We investigate classes of SQL queries which are syntactically correct, but certainly not intended, no matter for which task the query was written. For instance, queries that are contradictory, i.e. always return the empty set, are obviously not intended. Current database management systems, e.g. Oracle, execute such queries without any warning. In this paper, we try to give a complete list of such errors. Of course, questions like the satisfiability are in general undecidable, but a significant subset of SQL queries can actually be checked. This also applies to the other errors explained in this paper. We believe that future database management systems will perform such checks and that the generated warnings will help to develop code with fewer bugs in less time.