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Computer Sciences Mobile Ad hoc NETworks (MANETs) consist of a group of Mobile Nodes (MNs) which form a communication network without prior infrastructure. Each MN in the network is responsible for providing services to other MNs in order to realize the ad hoc communication capability. A key component and primary challenge in MANETs is routing data packets over multiple hops between MNs. MANET routing has recently received considerable research interest. Applying location information in ad hoc network routing protocols has demonstrated performance improvements and promised dramatic scalability. Some routing protocols assume that a location service exists to provide location information about all the MNs in the network. In recent years, many location service protocols have been developed for ad hoc networks, including the Grid Locatio