Perrig,Advanced and Authenticated Marking Schemes for IP

Defending against distributed denial-of-service attacks is one of the hardest security problems on the Internet today. One difficulty to thwart these attacks is to trace the source of the attacks because they often use incorrect, or spoofed IP source addresses to disguise the true origin. In this paper, we present two new schemes, the Advanced Marking Scheme and the Authenticated Marking Scheme, which allow the victim to traceback the approximate origin of spoofed IP packets. Our techniques feature low network and router overhead, and support incremental deployment. In contrast to previous work, our techniques have significantly higher precision (lower false positive rate) and lower computation overhead for the victim to reconstruct the attack paths under large scale distributed denial-of-service attacks. Furthermore the Authenticated Marking Scheme provides efficient authentication of routers ’ markings such that even a compromised router cannot forge or tamper markings from other uncompromised routers