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In recent years the field of Artificial Neural Networks has continued to mature, and presently many network architectures are understood fairly well. Research into new architectures continues, however, as (in particular) there is a need to increase the efficiency of network implementations, which would enable building larger and more complex systems. In fact, there exist networks possessing desirable computational properties (e.g., high speed of operation and implementational simplicity) that, at the same time, lack a comprehensive mathematical foundation of their operation and, consequently, heuristic rules are often applied when such networks are realized