Collaborative Tagging Approaches for

One of the main approaches for creating metadata for learning resources in adaptive e-learning systems has been through the use of semantic web ontologies. This approach is limiting because it doesn't usually address a requirement for the support of annotators or the requirement for significant e#ort by annotators in learning ontological metadata domains and technologies. This paper proposes a method of addressing these shortfalls, by incorporating techniques used on the hugely popular collaborative tagging websites, such as del.icio.us . By extending on a natural language ontology, we aim to achieve simplicity in metadata authoring while maintaining the expressiveness of a lightweight ontology