A Symbolic Inject-and-Evaluate Paradigm for Byzantine Fault Diagnosis

Fault diagnosis is to predict the potential fault sites in a logic IC. In this paper, we particularly address the problem of diagnosing faults that exhibit the so-called Byzantine General's phenomenon, in which a fault manifests itself as a non-logical voltage level at the fault site. Previously, explicit enumeration was suggested to deal with such a problem. However, it is often too time-consuming because the CPU time is exponentially proportional to fanout degree of the circuit under diagnosis. To speed up this process, we present an implicit enumeration technique using symbolic simulation