Adaptive Time Delay and Frequency Estimation for Digital Signal Synchronization in CDMA Systems

The problem of synchronization of digital narrowband signals is presented. For non-stationary communication channels, accurate adaptive time delay and carrier frequency offset estimation is required. Modifications to a well-known time delay estimation method (the explicit time delay estimator), including a novel frequency adjustment element, are proposed which are shown through simulation to enable significantly low estimation bias, even at the very short filter lengths desirable in this application