PEMANFAATAN REFUGIA DAN BEAUVERIA BASSIANA UNTUK MENEKAN INTENSITAS SERANGAN HAMA UTAMA DAN HASIL TANAMAN BAWANG MERAH (Allium cepa)

Shallots are one of the leading vegetable commodities that have been cultivated intensively by farmers. Farmers often experience crop failure due to plant-disturbing organisms. Generally farmers control pests by using synthetic pesticides because they are considered more effective in controlling pests, without considering the negative impact on the environment. One way to control pests that can be done to reduce the use of synthetic pesticides is by engineering ecosystems by planting refugia plants and using Beauveria bassiana. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of refugia and Beauveria bassiana plants in suppressing the intensity of major pest attacks on shallots and to determine the effect of refugia plants and the application of Beauveria bassiana on the growth and yield of shallots. The research was carried out for three months, from March 2019 to May 2019. The activity was carried out in the agricultural land of Landungsari village, Dau sub-district, Malang district. This research uses factorial randomized block design (RAK) methods. The first factor is the type of refugia plant consists of 4 levels, namely R0 = without refugia plants, R1 = kenikir plants, R2 = tagetes plants, R3 = paper flower plants. While the second factor is spraying biological pesticides consists of 2 levels, namely H0 = without Beauveria bassiana, H1 = Beauveria bassiana. So that 8 treatment combinations were obtained and each treatment was repeated 4 times so that 32 treatment plots were obtained. The study used 24 shallot plant populations per treatment plot. Observation parameters included plant height, number of leaves, number of crop tubers, crop tuber wet weight, crop tuber dry weight, main pest population, and main pest attack intensity. The results of the study showed that there was a real interaction between planting refugia and spraying Beauveria bassiana on the observation of the number of leaves, while observing plant height and intensity of major pest attacks showed a very real interaction. Observation of the number of crop tubers, crop tuber wet weight, crop tuber dry weight, and main pest population did not show any interaction. The relatively good treatment of refugia, namely the treatment of planting paper flowers (R3) and planting kenikir plants (R1) is supported by observing the number of tubers per plant, tuber wet weight per plant, tuber dry weight per plant, and main pest population. The relatively good treatment of Beauveria bassiana namely spraying treatment of Beauveria bassiana (H1) is supported by observing the number of tubers per plant, tuber wet weight per plant, tuber dry weight per plant, and main pest population