Generating Optimized Residual Code in Run-Time Specialization

. Run-time specialization (RTS) techniques e#ciently generate specialized programs with respect to run-time values. They construct compiled native-code fragments called templates at compile-time, and generate a specialized program by merely copying the templates. The generated programs are less e#cient than those generated by static partial evaluation techniques because the RTS techniques prevent many optimizations. The proposed bytecode specialization (BCS) technique is used to generate programs in a bytecode language and then translate the generated bytecode into native code by using a just-in-time (JIT) compiler. Its advantages are (1) e#cient specialization processes that are similar to those of RTS techniques, (2) e#cient specialized programs thanks to optimizations by the JIT compilers, and (3) that it is independent of the source-to-bytecode and the bytecode-to-native compilers thanks to a binding-time analysis algorithm that directly handles bytecode programs. Th..