My first, and most earnest, acknowledgment must go to my advisor Dr. José G. Delgado-Frias for his continuous encouragement, advice, mentoring, inspiration, and research and financial support throughout my Ph.D. study. Dr. Delgado was always there to listen and give advice. I appreciate his patience and numerous help during the last few years. I would like to thank the rest members of the doctoral committee: Dr. Jabulani Nyathi, for his friendship, encouragement, and insightful suggestions, and Dr. Krishnamoorthy Sivakumar, who shared his research ideas and showed great support to my dissertation and defense. I am greatly indebted to my first advisor at Washington State University, Dr. Krishna Sivalingam. He helped me start my journey to be...