Exploring the differences in factors affecting engagement in employability development activities between UK and Chinese students

Employability as a concept emerged at the beginning of 20th century and has evolved, from initially relating to just the economy to now include aspects of psychology and education. The UK government suggested the use of Personal Development Planning (PDP) and Progress Files (PF) for the universities in the development of these employability skills. UK higher education institutions (HEIs) have attracted a considerable amount of non-UK students. This situation requires that UK HEIs not only focus on the PDP of home students, but also of international students. This study focuses on Chinese students studying in UK HEIs and predicts that they have a lesser need for PDP. Quantitative research methods were adopted in the form of a well-structured questionnaire that surveyed a total of 768 students to explore the possible influences that may cause lower engagement with PDP activities. The impact of Guanxi, as a factor in Chinese society, has on engagement student in PDP activities is explored. Differences in the need to engage with PDP activities were found between Chinese and UK students. However, this difference does not come from the impact of Guanxi. On the other hand, a strong connection between Guanxi and family ties exists for Chinese students. The findings in this thesis found higher probability of engagement of PDP activities from students participating in non-credit bearing activities recommended by academics. The findings of this study show differences in the perception of Chinese and UK students towards PDP activities and identify the probable key issues UK HEIs could focus upon when considering the PDP process in the future, for instance that Chinese students prefer online resources whereas British students wish to look for information in the Careers Office