Lessons for rabies control and elimination programmes: a decade of One Health experience from Bali, Indonesia

This Review discusses the advancements made and challenges remaining in One Health around endemic and emerging zoonotic diseases, food safety and food security, antimicrobial resistance, wildlife diseases, and other issues that impact health such as poverty. It highlights the added value of using a One Health approach to coordinate, collaborate, and communicate across multiple sectors and disciplines to address complex health threats at the human-animal-environment interface with the goal of improving health for all. This issue also provides innovative ideas to apply a One Health approach toward the following areas: strengthening human and animal health systems, One Health mechanisms and activities to enhance subnational, national, regional, and global health, synergising tools for capacity assessment and One Health operationalisation across sectors, better integrating wildlife and environmental health, disaster response, reduction of poverty, prevention and control of zoonoses, and progress toward rabies elimination. Collaboration using One Health principles could greatly increase trusted networks for coordination across sectors, help improve global health outcomes, and reduce health threats. Barriers to One Health can be significant and typically include institutional capabilities and culture, poor communication and information sharing across sectors, limited personnel resources, and budgetary constraints. Fortunately, the need for multisectoral, One Health collaboration at the local, national, regional, and global levels is being recognized and steps are being taken to implement and operationalise One Health. Multiple success stories of One Health in action exist and provide real-world examples of the benefits of using a multisectoral, One Health approach. This review aims to shine a light on successes, remaining challenges, and implementation of a multisectoral, One Health approach to decrease the global disease burden in people and animals while promoting environmental health