Effect of Music Therapy on Pain Relief in Adult Patients with Cancer：Systematic Review

[[abstract]]背 景：疼痛為癌症成人患者最常見且最困擾的症狀之一，若疼痛未獲有效緩解，將嚴重影響患者的生活品質。音樂治療為癌症疼痛最常見的輔助療法之一，國內外已有不少應用成效發表，如能整合各發表文獻成果，將能提供臨床醫護人員規劃癌症成人患者疼痛緩解處置之參考。 目 的：本研究目的為整合以音樂治療為主要介入方式對癌症病人疼痛緩解之成效。 方 法：運用系統性文獻查證方法，以Music therapy、Cancer、Pain、Adult為關鍵字，搜尋Pubmed、Cochrane、Medline Ovid、CINAHL complete等英文資料庫及華藝線上圖書館CEPS/Airiti Library中文電子資料庫、台灣碩博士論文系統資源，去除不符合文獻納入條件及重複之研究，經文獻品質評估後，以10篇音樂療法爲主要介入措施研究，進行文獻回顧，整合癌症成人患者採音樂治療減輕疼痛之成效，文獻時間搜尋至2018年12月31日止。 結 果：綜合10篇文獻之實證研究結果發現，音樂療法以患者擁有獨立安靜空間，使用耳機聆聽、依個別性給予喜愛音樂，平均治療時間為30分鐘的成效最為顯著；音樂治療對癌症疼痛緩解成效評估常用視覺類比量表，並顯示音樂治療可有效達到轉移對疼痛的注意力，進而減緩病患疼痛及癌症止痛藥物使用的時間。 結 論：建議醫療相關機構可培訓音樂治療師，提供個別化音樂療法，以減緩癌症病人疼痛或延長止痛藥物給予時間，增加患者生活品質。 Background： Pain is one of the most common and most troublesome symptoms in adult patients with cancer. If pain is not effectively relieved, it will seriously affect the patients’ quality of life. Music therapy is one of the most common adjuvant therapies for cancer pain. Many local and international articles on the application of music therapy have been published. If these articles can be integrated and analyzed, it will provide a reference for clinical staffs to plan effective pain relief strategies for adult patients with cancer. Purpose： The purpose of this study aims to integrate the effect of music therapy on pain relief in adult patients with cancer. Methods： Through the systematic literature method, this study uses “Music therapy”, “Cancer” and “Pain” as keywords to search four English databases such as Pubmed, Cochrane, Medline Ovid and CINAHL complete, and two Chinese databases such asHuayi Online Library CEPS/Airiti Library Chinese Electronics Database and Taiwan master's thesis system resources. Irrelevant and repeated references are excluded. After reference quality assessment, ten references of using the music therapy as the main intervention are selected and reviewed. This study integrates the effect of the music therapy on reducing pain in adult patients with cancer. The publication time of being searched references for this study are before December 31, 2018. Results： After integrating the empirical study results of ten articles, it is found that the effect of personally giving patients with cancer favorite music through listening to music with headsets in a quiet space for an average 30-minute treatment time is more ssignificant. It is commonly used the visual analog scale to measure cancer pain before and after music therapy. Music therapy can effectively transfer patients’ attention, thereby reducing the degree of pain and the time of medication use for pain relief. Conclusion： This systematic review confirms that individualized music therapy by a music therapist can effectively reduce the degree of pain in adult patients with cancer or prolong the time of medication use, and then increase patients’ quality of life