The optimal incubation time for in vitro hemocompatibility testing: Assessment using polymer reference materials under pulsatile flow with physiological wall shear stress conditions

During hemocompatibility testing, activation products may reach plateau values which can result in less distinction between hemocompatible and hemo-incompatible materials. Of concern is an underestimation of the blood activation caused by the biomaterial of interest, which may result in a false assessment of hemocompatibility. To elucidate the optimal incubation time for in vitro hemocompatibility testing, we used the Haemobile circulation model with human whole blood. Blood from healthy volunteers was in vitro incubated under pulsatile flow with physiological wall shear stress conditions at 37 degrees C for 30, 60, 120, or 240 min. Test loops containing low-density polyethylene and polydimethylsiloxane served as low and high reference materials, that is, hemocompatible and hemo-incompatible biomaterials, respectively. In addition, empty loops served as a negative reference. Thrombogenicity, platelet function, inflammatory response, coagulation, and hemolysis between references and incubation times were compared. We found that thrombogenicity and platelet function were significantly affected by both the duration of incubation and the type of material. In particular, thrombogenicity and platelet function assessments were affected by incubation time. We found that an exposure time of 60 min was sufficient, and for almost all variables an optimal incubation time to discriminate between the low and high reference material. (c) 2019 The Authors. Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part B: Applied Biomaterials published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 107B: 2335-2342, 2019