The theme that runs through this work is three-fold. First, there is a quality that some students possess that enables them to arrive at the academic table better positioned to take advantage of our educational offerings. This work seeks to forward for general vocabulary usage a name for that quality so that we as educational researchers can acquire it as a tool not only in the field of mathematics research, but analogously in all subject areas. The term being introduced is pedagogical capital. Secondly, as educational standards in mathematics become the rubric upon which the success or failure of teachers and schools are measured, it is important to consider whether these curriculum standards contain the seeds of social justice or hegemony...