Use of botulinal toxin in orofacial pain treatment: integrative review / Uso de toxina botulinal no tratamento da dor orofacial: revisão integrativa

Orofacial pain is a painful condition that can affect regions of the face, head, neck and structures that belong to the oral cavity, and despite an uncertain etiology, is usually associated with physical and psychological factors. Different therapeutic modalities are used for orofacial pain relief among them, the application of botulinum toxin went on to be used routinely by professionals of the area, and the same use misuse and even without evaluation criteria and nomination. The objective of this study was to know the effectiveness of the application of botulinum toxin for the treatment of patients with orofacial pain, the advantages and disadvantages of your use and correct your application. The present study is characterized as an integrative literature review where they were included in the survey controlled clinical studies and in vivo randomized, double-blind randomized clinical trials and/or crusaders, systematic reviews, studies prospective, critical studies and meta-analyses. We excluded literature reviews, case reports, and in vitro clinical studies. For the selection of the articles used the electronic data base Pubmed, where available, to studies published in the last ten years in the English language through the following key words: facial pain; Temporomandibular joint; Temporomandibular joint disorders; botulism and botulinum toxins which were combined with the Boolean operators AND and OR. In conclusion, botulinum toxin type A is effective in the treatment of orofacial pain, having as main advantage its prolonged therapeutic effect when compared to another type of drug, although it is not possible to evaluate its effectiveness after the six months period. It is also necessary to carry out new studies in order to evaluate the intervals between the interventions and the appropriate dosage.