Fenotipska karakterizacija mini kor kolekcije kukuruza za poboljšani kvalitet zrna

Agronomic traits of 18 populations comprising a mini core collection for increased grain quality of the Maize Research Institute Zemun Polje were studied, along with two standard kernel type commercial hybrids. For almost all the traits (except root lodging) a considerable genetic variability was found, enabling successful breeding for any of them using this populations. Based on the obtained results, two populations were found to have grain yield at the level of ZP 341 commercial hybrid (one of them is from former Yugoslavia, and another is the introduced one). These two populations will be first to introduce into commercial breeding programs, if it proves they have also favorable biochemical characteristics. On the other hand, three populations had grain yield in the range of 1, 60-1, 91 t/ha, that is even lower than for commercial inbreeds. They will be excluded from the further breeding programs. Most of the populations were earlier than the commercial hybrids, during vegetation and according to the grain moisture at harvest. This is very favorable from a breeding standpoint. The worst characteristic of the population was very high stalk lodging, compared to commercial checks.U radu su proučavane agronomske osobine 18 populacija koje čine mini kor kolekciju Instituta za kukuruz Zemun Polje za poboljšani kvalitet zrna, kao i dva hibrida standardnog kvaliteta zrna. Za skoro sve ispitivane osobine (osim procenta poleglih biljaka) postoji dovoljna genetička varijabilnost koja se može iskoristiti u programima selekcije sa ovim materijalom. Na osnovu dobijenih rezultata izdvojene su dve populacije sa prinosom zrna na nivou standarda ZP 341 (jedna sa područja bivše Jugoslavije, a druga introdukovana), koje će se najpre uključiti u programe komercijalne selekcije, ukoliko budu zadovoljile i po svojim biohemijskim karakteristikama. S druge strane, tri populacije su imale prinos zrna u rasponu od 1,60-1,91 t/ha, što je niže i od elitnih inbred linija, i biće isključene iz daljeg selekcionog rada. Većina populacija bila je ranostasnija od komercijalnih hibrida, kako po vegetaciji, tako i po vlazi u zrnu, što je veoma povoljno sa stanovišta selekcije. Najveća uočena mana ovih populacija jeste veoma visok lom stabla u odnosu na komercijalne hibride