Mehanizmi i parametri tranzijenata i oscilacija indukcionih procesa zakasnele fluorescencije hlorofila u pobuđenoj tilakoidnoj membrani intaktnog lista kukuruza

The intact leaves of four maize hybrids: ZP 360, ZP 46A, Zp 633 i ZP 704 and two maize inbred lines ZPR 70ž i Oh 43, tolerant and resistant to the impact of increased and high temperatures and drought were observed in the present study. The improved, non-invasive photosynthetic-fluorescence method was applied in studying of complex delayed chlorophyll fluorescence induction processes that were resolved into transients: A, B, C, D and E in which instabilities, fluctuations and oscillations can occur. The interrelationship between transients and oscillations of the delayed chlorophyll fluorescence induction processes occurred in the intact leaves of maize inbreds and hybrids that were grown in the green-house under conditions of different air drought, impacts of temperatures and the water deficit in the medium, when their thylakoid membranes had been excited and significant structural and functional changes had occurred. The existence of transients: A, B, C, D and E of delayed chlorophyll fluorescence induction processes was determined. The time and physico-chemical parameters of these transients were presented. The mechanisms of their generation were explained. The properties of oscillatory performances of delayed chlorophyll fluorescence induction processes were determined. The conditions under which instable state and fluctuations occurred and oscillations were established in the excited thylakoid membrane of the intact leaf of maize inbreds and hybrids were presented. The hypothesis on the mechanism of establishing of oscillations and their interrelation with transients of delayed chlorophyll fluorescence induction processes was presented.Razloženi indukcioni procesi zakasnele fluorescencije (ZF) hlorofila na tranzijente: A, B, C, D i E nastaju kada se segment intaktnog lista linija i hibrida kukuruza drži u mračnoj komori fosforoskopa znatno kraće vreme (30 s ≤ τ ≤ 240 s), pre njegovog intermitentnog osvetljavanja sa belom svetlošću. Tranzijente indukcionih procesa: A, B, C, D i E karakterišu njihovi vremenski parametri: tA, tB, tC, tD i tE, promena intenziteta tranzijenata, parametri i mehanizmi njihovog nastajanja. Razloženi indukcioni procesi ZF hlorofila intaktnog lista linija i hibrida kukuruza na tranzijente: A, B, C, D i E praćeni su pojavom i različitim nivoima vrednosti energije aktivacije (Ea, kJ/mol) koje odgovaraju različitim kritičnim temperaturama faznih prelaza u pobuđenoj tilakoidnoj membrani. Mehanizmi nastajanja tranzijenata indukcionih procesa: A, B, C, D i E imaju dve prirode. Tranzijenti A i B su fizičke, a tranzijenti: C, D i E su hemijske prirode. Pokazano je da nastajanje tranzijenata: B, C, D i E istovremeno prati uspostavljanje oscilacija indukcionih procesa ZF hlorofila. Po našoj hipotezi, međuzavisnost tranzijenata i oscilacija indukcionih procesa ZF hlorofila dovode se u neraskidivu vezu. Oscilovanje indukcionih procesa ZF hlororfila objašnjava se strukturnim i funkcionalnim promenama u pobuđenoj tilakoidnoj membrani intaktnog lista linija i hibrida kukuruza koji su gajeni u uslovima vazdušne suše, povećanih temperatura i deficita vode u podlozi