Paraziti kukuruza, sirka i prosa koji se prenose semenom

Belgrade - Zemun Seed parasites, especially of maize due to their distribution, can cause great economic losses, as their effects on seed germination and yield are adverse. Parasites developing in fields that can be seed-borne to seedlings and/or plants are important for seeds. The most important parasites of the genus Fusarium, often of the same strain, then genera Penicillium and Aspergillus are mutual for seeds of all three species - maize, sorghum and pearl millet. Some parasites can be identified on the basis of symptoms registered in fields, but the most reliable identification is obtained in a laboratory by one of the following methods: dry test, filter paper, deep freezing, washing test and on the agar. The accurate diagnostics of parasites is a prerequisite for the choice of measures of protection and their successful effects.Paraziti semena mogu da prouzrokuju velike ekonomske štete, jer negativno utiču na klijavost semena i prinos. Za seme su značajni paraziti koji se razvijaju u polju i koji se mogu semenom prenositi na klijance i/ili odrasle biljke. Zajedničko za seme kukuruza, sirka i prosa je da su im najznačajniji paraziti iz roda Fusarium (često iste vrste), zatim rodova Penicillium iAspergillus. Na osnovu simptoma u polju moguće je identifikovati neke parazite, dok je najpouzdanije identifikaciju izvršiti u laboratoriji sa jednom od metoda: suvi pregled, filter papir, duboko zamrzavanje, ispiranje i na agar podlozi. Tačna dijagnostika parazita je preduslov za izbor i efikasno delovanje mera zaštite