A PHENOMENOLOGICAL FOUNDATION OF NON-LINEAR OC-RECIPROCAL RELATIONS (IRREVERSIBLE THERMODYNAMICS APPROACH)

Onsager-Casimir reciprocal relations are phenomenologically derived by considering the reversal of so-called rm-parameters. These parameters are defined as being odd under time reversal, if the force densities remain invariant. The reversal of the rm-parameters transforms to an existing process, whereas the time reversal itself is different from the reversal of the rm-parameters and transforms to a macroscopically non-existing process. The derivation of the reciprocal relations needs the second law and the axiom, that the reversal of the rm-parameters induces not only a transformation of the coordinates of thermodynamic forces and fluxes