Risk and Resiliency Factors Related to Dementia Caregiver Mental Health

Prevalence rates for dementia are expected to rise exponentially as the elderly population rises. With this comes a corresponding increase in the number of family members who will become dementia caregivers. Caregivers of people with dementia have been found to experience high rates of mental illness including depression and anxiety. Identifying risk and resiliency factors that relate to caregiver mental health is necessary to develop appropriate interventions to prevent caregiver burnout. The current study explored how family functioning (measured with a latent variable that includes family cohesion, family balance, and family communication), caregiver expressed emotion, and patient symptom severity related to caregiver mental health (measured with a latent variable that includes depression, anxiety, and stress). Participants included a nation-wide sample of 107 dementia caregivers. The following specific hypotheses were tested: lower levels of both 1) expressed emotion and 2) patient symptom severity, and 3) higher levels of family functioning would be related to better caregiver mental health. Results produced a well-fitting model: X2(18) = 14.858, p = .672; CFI = 1.00; RMSEA = .00; SRMR = .037. Moreover, results indicated that better family functioning (Ɣ = -3.54, SE = .1.34, p = .008), lower levels of caregiver expressed emotion (β = .36, SE = .07,