Physiologic and financial outcomes of neonates when birth occurs at 26, 28, 30, 32 and 34 gestational weeks

The purpose of this study is to explore the differences in physiologic and financial outcomes among neonates delivered at 26, 28, 30, 32 and 34 gestational weeks. The Rosswurm-Larrabee model was selected as the theoretical framework for this research study. Prior to this study, an extensive review of the relevant literature failed to discover studies that encompass physiologic and financial outcomes at gestational-age specific groups. A descriptive, comparative design was utilized to determine physiologic and financial outcome among the five groups. A systematic retrospective chart review was used to select the sample from premature deliveries that occurred from January 1, 1999 to December 31, 1999 at a tertiary hospital in a metropolitan area in the Southeastern United States. The data analysis indicated a significant statistical difference in the financial outcomes among the groups. Additionally, there was a significant statistical difference in the majority of the physiologic outcomes including, respiratory distress, hyperbilirubinemia, necrotizing enterocolitis, sepsis, retinopathy, patent ductus arteriosus, intrauterine growth retardation, Apgar Scores at 1 and 5 minutes, and birth weight. Recommendations were made for further studies utilizing a larger, more diverse sample. In addition, a longitudinal study that encompasses long-term outcomes of neonates would be beneficial since many effects of prematurity are no evident until certain developmental milestones are or not achieved. A qualitative research study on how to better prepare parents for parenthood and to what extent the additional responsibilities and expectations might compromise the families parenting abilities was also recommended. Furthermore, the development of additional studies that focus on the use of critical pathways and outcomes should also be investigated. The devastating effects of prematurity on families and society provides the nurse with the unique opportunity for education and intervention with caring strategies. This research presents baseline data from which our society stands to benefit