Spectral Theory for Discrete Laplacians

We give the spectral representation for a class of selfadjoint discrete graph Laplacians Delta, with Delta depending on a chosen graph G and a conductance function c defined on the edges of G. We show that the spectral representations for Delta fall in two model classes, (1) tree-graphs with N-adic branching laws, and (2) lattice graphs. We show that the spectral theory of the first class may be computed with the use of rank-one perturbations of the real part of the unilateral shift, while the second is analogously built up with the use of the bilateral shift. We further analyze the effect on spectra of the conductance function c: How the spectral representation of Delta depends on c. Using Delta(G), we introduce a resistance metric, and we show that it embeds isometrically into an energy Hilbert space. We introduce an associated random walk and we calculate return probabilities, and a path counting number