The Participation of the Kings in the Early Norwegian Sailing to Bjarmeland (Kola Peninsula and Russian Waters), and the Development of a Royal Policy Concerning the Northern Waters in the Middle Ages

... In earlier times Finmark and the inner parts of Troms were not inhabited by Norwegians but by a Finnish-Ugrain-speaking nomadic people, few in numbers, called Fins. ... [The author traces the movement of Norwegians into Finmark and the polar regions from the early account of King Alfred the Great, informed by Ottmar, through to the Middle Ages. The Danish monarchs inherited the sea empire and became entangled in conflict with England, Germany, Holland, Sweden and Russia as the struggle for free economic enterprise increased.