Do Astronomical Seasons Influence Crime Rates?

Abstract Criminal justice scholars have become interested in examining the amount of crimes that occur throughout the year to determine if there is a correlation between the fluctuations in crime victimization rates and astronomical seasonal changes during the winter solstice, vernal equinox, summer solstice, and autumnal equinox. To evaluate the relationship between fluctuations in victimization rates and seasonal factors throughout the year, I used a qualitative research approach along with explanatory techniques and a longitudinal experiment design. This study’s independent variable was individuals’ behavioral differences demonstrated after the vernal equinox when temperatures and hours of daylight increased. The dependent variable was the rate of criminal victimization. Data retrieved from prior researchers, Ranson, Leberfinger, Falk, and Lauritsen and White noted differences in the rate at which different categories of crime occur through the year based on seasonal changes including warmer temperatures and longer daylight hours. This project used participant’s questionnaires, associated with age, gender, seasonal behavior, and routine activities, to grasp a demonstrative trend for comparison to prior research data and distinguish if a higher level of negligence occurred following the vernal equinox. After thorough research and examination, it was observed that criminal victimization among males and females was impacted by astronomical seasonal factors. Of the surveyed groups, males under twenty-three out-numbered the other three groups for seasonal routine negligent behavior. Consequently, personal negligent behavior can increase one’s vulnerability of criminal victimization any time of the year. Keywords: Victimization, Seasonal Routine Behavior, Astronomical Seasonal Change