REAQ-AODV: Route Stability and Energy Aware QoS Routing in Mobile Ad hoc Networks

Frequent changes in network topology, confined battery capacity of nodes and unreliable nature of wireless channels are the main challenges for reliable routing in Mobile Ad hoc Network (MANET). Selecting a long lasting route is a critical task in MANET. In this paper, we propose a new protocol, Route Stability and Energy Aware Ad hoc On-demand Distance Vector (RSEA-AODV) protocol which is an enhancement of Ad hoc On-demand Distance Vector (AODV) protocol. It designs a bi-objective optimization formulation to compute the reliability factor based on stability and residual energy of nodes. The route with the highest reliability factor value is selected for data transmission. This protocol is compared with other similar routing protocols: PERRA and AODV. We use ns-2 for simulation. Our simulation results show that, the proposed protocol increases the node expiration time by 12 - 32 % and accomplishes 7 - 13 % higher packet delivery ratio compared to PERRA or AODV. The packet delay and control overhead of the proposed protocol is comparable to that of AODV