地域福祉推進における２つの支援機能 : 個別支援と地域支援に着目して

This study distinguishes the difference between personal support and community organizing ascommunity practice by critically analyzing the policy trends of the Ministry of Health, Labour andWelfare and referring to Niklas Luhmann’s systems theory.The policy currently adopted by the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare aims to structurea counseling and support system. This policy, however, confuses personal support, whichprovides consultation and supports each client on individual basis, and community organizing,which encourage the participation of citizens to create a better community.This study, therefore, distinguishes the functional differences between the two types ofsupport to clarify the necessity of appropriate staffing : i.e., personal supporters who cater toindividual needs, and community organizers who assist people to improve their own communitiesby undertaking collective action, in order to promote community welfare in each community