カント シミン シャカイロン ノ シ ホウテキ コウセイ 2 リンリガク ト ショユウケン ノ ジレンマ

In 18th century classic enlightenment thinkers construct the civil society based on private law. Kant is one of the most representative philosopher who developed the civil society theory. In Metaphysik der Siten(1797), he analized the bourgois family that is the main subject of private property. In family, man and woman are connected under marriage law. But both sexes do not have equal status. ‘He is the party of direct, she to obey’. Man as a householder dominates not only woman but also children, apprentice and employee. Recently feminist philosophers have criticized the conservative position of Kant because he is‘custodian of woman’or‘a narrow minded Bourgeois’. But in my view they overlook the relation between ethics and property right. On the one hand Kant formulates the universal freedom,equality and independence among personalities. On the other hand he recognizes the dependent status of woman, children, apprentice and employee. These are in contradiction. Kant strived to reconcile two but failed. I examine his inconsistent explanation. I come to the conclusion that he is so great because he investigated unintentionally the ultimate ground why universal ethics can not be completed in reality. I suggested that a dilemma will be resolved not in the realm of thought but of history