秩序と倫理 : 反近代的試論(II)(蕗谷硯児教授退任記念号)

The meaning of order is limited to social order in this paper. So far there are many explanations concerning the causes of social order. The social contract theory is the most famous one among them. It is based upon such assumption that members of an society are rational and able to recognize the merits to make social contracts and know its content. But critics cast doubt the assumption. They claim that no one can recognize all the merit which the social contracts bring. One of critics, Hayek said that man can\u27t make social order artificially. According to him, social order comes about spontaneously. But his spontaneous social order theory is not valid in recent social facts, that is, the appearance of failed state and the political, economical, and social turmoil in Russia after the collapse of communist regime. We can\u27t explain social order on human rationality nor spontaenourly. Therefore, we must search another explanation for social order. Since social order relates to human conducts, social order is founded on rules of human conduct, that is, moral. Moral is a social product and reflects values of members in the society. And social order is a vital element for economic development. (to be continued