Impairment of hepatic biochemical contents and enzymes activities during carbosulfan intoxication in albino mice

Carbosulfan (2,3-dihydro-2,2dimethyl-7-benzofuronyl [(dibutyl amino) thio] methyl insecticide cum -acaricide was administered orally at doses 12, 24, 36 and 48 mg/( kg day) to albino mice for 30 days .The mice orally administer with similar volume of olive oil were served as control. Daily body weights were recorded and mice were sacrificed on day 31st or 24 hours after the terminal exposure. Liver dissected out freed from adherent tissue weighed to nearest milligram. The liver histology, estimations of biochemical contents and enzyme activities were carried out. The histological examination of the liver of the mice treated with 36 and 48 mg/( kg day) carbosulfan reveals dilation of central vein and sinusoids between hypertrophied hepatocytes. Vacuolization and hyalinization of hepatocytes with loss of radial arrangement. Study on liver biochemical contents showed liver DNA, RNA, protein, glycogen were decreased significantly in male and female mice treated with 36 and 48 mg/( kg day) carbosulfan. However, level of cholesterol increased significantly, but with 36 mg/ (kg day) carbosulfan caused no significant change in liver DNA level in male mice. Study on liver enzymes displays 48 mg/( kg day) carbosulfan treatment caused significant decrease in liver SDH, Na+-K+ATPase, Mg++ATPase, Ca++ATPase, ACP and significant increase in liver LDH, ASAT, ALAT, AKP activity in male and female mice. Carbosulfan at dose 36 mg/ (kg day) in female mice caused significant decrease in SDH activity, whereas other liver enzymes in male mice not changed significantly. However, in female mice activity of liver LDH increased significantly, Na+-K+ATPase, Mg++ATPase, ACP activity decreased significantly, whereas activity of ASAT, ALAT, Ca++ATPase and AKP not changed significantly. The activity of Mg++ATPase decreased significantly in the liver of female mice with 24 mg/( kg day) carbosulfan treatment. The results of the present study suggest carbosulfan has adverse effects on liver functions leading to physiological impairment. The study reveals carbosulfan might have affected cell metabolism and active transport of ions across cell membrane, cellular defence mechanism and detoxification system in liver