The study of neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects of magnesium sulfate in rats following cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury

Background and objective: Magnesium sulfate has neuroprotective effects and decrease overall neuronal firing. It is also decrease firing of excitable tissues outside the brain. It is not known whether this neuroprotective effect is due to antioxidant effect, anti-inflammatory or other mechanism. In this research we study the anti-inflammatory effect of magnesium sulfate in rat brain following ischemia reperfusion stress.Material and methods: Twenty four rats were grouped into 4 groups: The first (sham group), the second (control) and the third group(control-vehicle) and the forth (treated with Magnesium sulfate). Animals in the second group underwent bilateral common carotid artery ligation without treatment, whereas the forth group were injected with magnesium sulfate 250mg/kg intraperitoneally before procedure. Blood samples were taken after the procedure for measurement of serum level of IL-9, MCP-1 and ICAM.Results: Serum level of IL-9 in control group was 163.3 ± 30.4 pg/mL and it significantly decreased in magnesium sulfate treated group (21.8 ± 1.72 pg/mL). serum level of MCP-1 in the control group was 109.05 ± 18.2 pg/mL while it significantly reduced in magnesium sulfate treated group (38.16 ± 3.54 pg/mL). mean serum levels of ICAM of control was 362.8 ± 26.81 pg/mL while mean serum level of ICAM in treated group was 35.5 ± 4.71 pg/mL.Conclusion: magnesium sulfate significantly decreases the inflammatory markers IL-9, MCP-1 and ICAM in global ischemia model in rats