Standardization and Preclinical study of Siddha Herbo-Marine Formulation Sangu Parpam

The raw drug sangu purchased from various part of Tamil Nadu. • Raw drug and ingredients were authenticated by Marine Biology Regional Centre, Zoological survey of India, Chennai • Raw Sangu was purified as per the literature in three different methods and named as Spu I, Spu II and Spu III. • By using purified samples Spu I, Spu II and Spu III, Sangu parpam (SP I, SP II, and SP III respectively) were prepared as per the proposal. • Then the samples, Sangu before purification, sangu after purification and the three different preparation of sangu parpam were analysed for standardization. • The physicochemical analysis of the samples revealed the quality of purification process and preparation of the medicine. • Sophisticated instrumental analysis reveals the quality and concentration of minerals and metals and powder properties of Raw Sangu and purified samples Spu I, II, III and prepared Sangu Parpam samples SP I, II, III. • ICP-OES analysis of samples revealed that heavy metals like As, Hg, Pb, C concentration was reduced after purification and found to be in normal limits as per WHO permissible limit. Other Minerals like Ca, Na, Mg concentration was increased in purification and preparation processes and is responsible for its therapeutic values. And there is no evidence of presence of heavy metals in samples and elevated concentration of minerals in Sample SP II when compared with other samples. • SEM analysis of the samples indicates the particle size which varies from1 µ m to 2µm. Particles are crystalline in raw Sangu sample and in Spu I, Spu II, and Spu III and SP I, SP II, and SP III samples the particles were agglomerated because of purification and repeated incineration processes (Pudam process). Surface of SP I, II, III was smooth. Among purified and Sangu Parpam samples, Powder property of SP II revealed moderately smooth surface and low particle size and particles were agglomerated when compared with other samples. • Acute toxicity study revealed Sangu Parpam I, II, III at the doses of 50 mg/kg, 300 mg/kg, 1000 mg/kg and 2000 mg/kg to the rats did not produce drug- related toxicity. No mortality was observed during the entire period of the study. Data obtained in this study indicated no significance physical and behavioral signs of any toxicity. • The Maximum tolerable dose is about 2000mg/kg b.wt. • Sub acute toxicity study revealed Sangu Parpam I, II, III can be considered safe, as it did not cause either any lethality or adverse changes with general behaviour of rats and also there were no observable detrimental effects (100 to 300 mg/kg body weight) over a period of 28 days. • Both acute and Sub acute toxicity studies of various preparation of Sangu parpam revealed safe in animals tested. • Sangu parpam Sample SP II was taken for Anti ulcer studies as per above mentioned studies, and anti ulcer activity revealed Sangu Parpam sample SP II had a significant anti ulcer activity. The treatment with SP II sample shows reduction in the gastric lesion area, and promoting significant regeneration of the gastric mucosa. Thus in Pylorus ligation method, Ethanol/HCL induced ulcer method and Stress induced ulcer method Sangu Parpam sample SP II confirm it’s anti ulcer activity. • And based upon physico chemical and sophisticated instrumental analysis SP II was validated for the Anti ulcer activity studies and the study revealed that SP II has significant anti ulcer activity in animal models tested. Thus this entire research work justifies and confirms the traditional claim Sangu parpam is one of the important medication for Peptic Ulcer