Study the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy and dry eye in diabetes mellitus patients and comparing with duration and urea, creatinine level

BACK ROUND: Diabetes mellitus is one of the leading causes of blindness in twenty to seventy four year old individuals. Cataract and retinopathy are known complications. Dry eyes are more prevalent in diabetic individuals. AIM AND OBJECTIVE: 1. To correlate the dry eye and diabetic retinopathy with duration of diabetes and urea, creatinine level. 2. Evaluation of risk factors attributed to dry eye and diabetic retinopathy in diabetes mellitus patients. 3. To study the prevalence of dry eye and diabetic retinopathy in diabetes mellitus patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: It is a hospital based cross sectional study. This study was done between the periods from August 2013 to July 2014. The study was done on all diabetic patients attending ophthalmology outpatient clinic. Before commencing the study Ethics committee approval was obtained from the Coimbatore medical college and government hospital. Diabetic patients attending outpatient clinic were screened for dry eye and diabetic retinopathy after attaining consent. RESULTS: Among symptomatic patients, 28.7% Schirmer test positive and 24 % of them TBUT positive. Dry eye symptoms more prevalent in female gender. The prevalence of dry eye increases in the duration of the disease had poor glycemic control (74 %). The prevalence of diabetic retinopathy also increases with longer duration of disease , poor glycemic control and high urea and Creatinine level. CONCLUSION: Dry eye syndrome is a definite entity, that occurs in diabetic patients, more so, when the duration of diabetes is longer, poor glycemic control, high urea, Creatinine level associated with DR, irrespective of severity